Oxford study proves heat pumps triumph over fossil fuels in the cold::Published Monday in the scientific journal Joule, the research found that heat pumps are two to three times more efficient than their oil and gas counterparts, specifically in temperatures ranging from 10 C to -20 C.
They’re only two to three times more efficient if they aren’t frozen solid. Don’t know how it works in Canada, but my mini-split heat pump can’t handle a week of 10F let alone -20 C - sure it will put out some heat, but it absolutely needs to be supplemented with my wood stove. And I live in the South. Maybe there’s some new high tech heat pumps that cost a fortune and don’t freeze over in the insane temps of the great white north? EDIT: hey, folks, how about actually responding instead of downvoting me? If I don’t have a clue, please enlighten me. Fuckers.
Your mini-split isn’t designed to function as a heat pump at low temperature.
In places like Sweden, they also use heatpumps that are designed for those conditions.
In other news, don’t drive in a Swedish winter with summer tires.
Excellent. Now I know that there are different classes of heat pump. Mine is not for prolonged crazy-low temps, others are. Thank you.
Indeed, but yours is probably cheaper and more effective at cooling when it’s hot and humid out.
For people up north, they will buy a “cold climate air source heat pump”. In temperate regions, an “air source heat pump” will suffice, while down south you will buy an “A/C with a heating mode” (also called reversible A/C).
And it’s not just about whether the coils can defrost. The whole machinery and refrigerant are different to optimize under those conditions. A cold climate heat pump has a setup that is more similar to a freezer than it is to an A/C.
Sorry about the downvotes. People need to re-learn internet etiquette.
This is the most informative answer yet. Thanks.
Yes, there are cold weather heat pumps that can thaw the coils to keep operating. There is a point where they just can’t continue to operate.
When I design a heat pump system in cold climates, I always include a secondary hear source that kicks in if the heat pump gets overwhelmed. Might be a gas section in a furnace. Might be an electric heater in a fan coil. Might be electric baseboards or wall heaters.
Theres different technology but there are some that can function to -32° F and they often have a feature that allows them to detect when theyre frozen up and defrost and then automatically switch back to heating
Mine has a defrost cycle but it doesn’t work very well. But then again, it’s use case is primarily AC - it only gets frigid temps in my area every couple years. EDIT: yes, downvote me for stating my own personal experience, asshats.
Honestly it sounds like your unit may need to be serviced.
This comment section is a trip. Any time anyone is like “I have reservations about my own heat pump” and people are just responding with downvotes and “no”
I mean, it’s fine to have issues with your own unit. The only issue I personally take is when people (not this individual to be clear) use those issues as a counter argument. It’s like saying “my air conditioner has a freon leak and freezes up every year, so air conditioners are terrible in general.”
I had no idea sharing my experience would be interpreted as a clarion call to fuck all heat pumps straight to hell forever.
I explicitly said no you, ya silly kangaroo.
and I upvoted you twice, friend. :)
I think it’s an issue that people are passionate about and the “discussion” just turns into some kind of political shouting match.
Like, it’s actually been settled for quite some time: MOVING heat is more efficient than generating it or absorbing it through phase transitions. This study is just one more on a long parade saying the same thing.
What features and installation considerations exist for different climates? Do some manufacturers specialize in systems that excel in different circumstances?
I’d be surprised if they didn’t. I’d be really interested in hearing who the premiere manufacturers are who design systems intended for use in Northern Canada. I’d be interested in who makes best systems for use in Phoenix. I can’t imagine the same system is ideal for both places.
That’s an interesting conversation to have. “Mine doesn’t work good” “yes it does, fuck you” is tedious.
Right but efficiency doesn’t mean it’s better. Electric heat has always been 100% efficient, but that has not made it the most cost effective nor the best solution over far less efficient means of generating heat either. Efficiency isn’t the only factor. The debates and critisms here are valid from what I’ve seen.
Personally, I’m not sold on them… maybe if I lived someplace warmer but living in Wisconsin, they are not for me. I’ve also seen that they require a lot more maintenence and are much less resilient compared to furnaces and central air units. I’ve watched plenty of installation and repair videos on them. Even the HVAC guys have issues with them in these terms.
The thing that blows peoples mind is that heat pumps are MORE than 100% efficient.
WWHHAATT?? WHAT ABOUT THERMODYNAMICS??
Heat pumps don’t GENERATE heat. They move it.
In the same way that a locomotive can expend a few hundred gallons of diesel to MOVE a few hundred thousand, so can a heat pump MOVE more joules of thermal energy than it expends in the moving process.
Heat pumps are more complex then a natural gas unit, absolutely. Depending on what you’re paying for energy, it’s entirely possible it’s not cost effective right now.
But,as the tech improves and energy costs increase, the break even point will eventually meet you, even in Wisconsin. If it’s not for you right now, that doesn’t make you a bad person.
But keep your eyes on it and don’t write it off. I don’t know how old you are, but it’s still likely to end up the most effective choice for you at some point in your lifetime. Certainly in your children’s.
The crazy thing is I even left it open ended with a question mark, inviting people to enlighten me. And what I got is precisely what I wanted, along with a ton of downvotes like I was an ideologue or something. I’m an ideologue about some things, heat pumps not being one of them. Regardless, now I know that there are, in fact, heat pumps that are designed to work much better in cold climates than the one I have, and that there are plenty of cold-climate folks who find the performance of the heat pump to be sub-par in extra cold weather, requiring supplementary heat.
A lot of people also don’t understand that a heat pump is still heating your home, even though the air it blows might be a bit lower than your body temperature, so it feels “cool.” When that happens people assume it has stopped working and switch to aux heat. This is one of the major reasons people insist that heat pumps don’t work in the cold, even though they still have plenty of capacity margin to heat the dwelling.
My old system was actually set up so that it would pulse the electric aux heater every few minutes or so to help prevent this “drafty” feeling, and to extend the time between defrost cycles.
Many parts of Canada will regularly see colder than -40F, so I can sympathize easily with a view that solely relying on them might not be safe in that environment.
Tbf, most Canadians don’t live in those areas. Places like Toronto/Montreal/Vancouver rarely get that cold.
Edmonton Saskatoon Regina Winnipeg
As a Canadian who doesn’t live in the GTA it drives me nuts when people dismiss the rest of Canada as some kind of statistical outlier undeserving of acknowledgement.
Which would account for 5-10% of the Canadian population. Just the three metros I mentioned would account for 35% of Canadians. The record low for the coldest of those cities (Montreal) is -36F, but the average low in January is 7F.
70% of Canadians live south of the 49th parallel (the northernmost point of the Continental US) and 90% of Canadians live within 100 miles of the US border.
Why is it such a controversial thought to merely include and acknowledge the rest of Canada, rather than discounting them outright?
In case you’re wondering here the divide comes from: it’s this, and it’s you.
All Canadians matter, every Canadian experience is valid, and no Canadian is any less of a Canadian than any other. Erasure of Canadian experience outside of the GTA is an elitist and divisive attitude and serves ONLY to create friction where there need be none.
As soon as you erase a group from the whole, it’s INEVITABLE that they’ll seek to find their own independent identity. Considering your proximity to Quebec this shouldn’t be a foreign concept. Just feel free to extend the inclusive attitude west as well as east. It costs nothing to be inclusive of your fellow countrymen.
Because your comment suggests that heat pumps can’t work in Canada. It’s like an American dismissing heat pumps because Alaska is part of the US. For at least 70% (if not more like 90%) of Canadians, heat pumps work just fine. Obviously, if you are in the part of Canada that gets consistently below -40 degrees, don’t get a heat pump.
Also, I’m not from Toronto or Canadian so I’m not sure all that talk about elitism applies to me. I’m from a small city in the US where I experience weather similar to most Canadians.
My comment doesn’t suggest that, and the fact that you’re projecting that on me is your fucking problem.
And the fact that you’re not even Canadian makes it even more absurd that you’re explaining to me the nuances of the Canadian experience.
Your mini split probably doesn’t have a defrost function. This would all be specified in the users manual.
Oh it does, it’s just that it the defrost cycle in 15F gets off just enough ice for it to barely work, and this was when it was brand-new and verified to be working properly. I now understand that it is just not designed for ultra-cold weather, and that some are better suited for such demands.
That does kind of imply it could need a recharge. These cheaper units don’t actually have active monitoring for ice buildup - they just do it on a schedule based on temperature (and sometimes humidity). If you are getting ice buildup, it’s either outside the rated performance envelope, or it is not functioning as intended.
I think this really highlights the crux of the issue, which is just that the “tribal knowledge” of how to operate the equipment isn’t there and it’s something that education would probably help.
Like, many people’s fathers have probably shown them how to relight the pilot lights on their furnaces and hot water heaters. And if not, the “handy person” on your block would know.
Understanding how to own and operate heat pumps effectively might not be as second nature.
Understanding how to validate the extreme weather functionality of your heating system is super important. Knowing the difference between “normal” and “something is fucked up”… especially before an extreme weather event is pretty important. I’m pretty handy, but absolutely nobody in my area runs heat pumps residentially…
… but that’s probably just because of a lack of uptake rather than a real economic reason. Solar is exploding in my area as a result of increasing power costs and a great environment for it.
As it’s adopted and as people learn how to use, maintain and troubleshoot them I expect problems like that will become more sparse.
Man they pitchfork mob came out in full force for this one. I also live in the south and during the freeze of 2021 it was a struggle for it to deal with those low temps.
That’s precisely the freeze that led me to experience the inability of my Senville mini-split heat pump to keep up. So glad I had a wood stove. Even then, my shower drain trap froze solid. I was living in an “insulated” yurt at the time - good floor insulation, and somewhat okay wall/ceiling insualtion.
My attic insulation needs work. I swear I’m gonna get that sorted this year now that the heat has (hopefully) calmed down.
We probably live in the same neighborhood or something. NC here.
Nope. hollars from tx
Oh Jesus. I’m sorry on so many levels. Unless you’re gung ho Texan. Then I don’t know what to say except enjoy watering your foundation.